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TIME: Almanac 1995
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<text id=93TT1552>
<title>
Apr. 26, 1993: Who's Afraid of The Big Bad Bang?
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
Apr. 26, 1993 The Truth about Dinosaurs
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
ESSAY, Page 74
Who's Afraid of The Big Bad Bang?
</hdr>
<body>
<p>Dennis Overbye
</p>
<p> Scientists, it seems, are becoming the new villains of
Western society. Once portrayed as heroes, they now appear in
movies betraying Sigourney Weaver to bring home an alien for
"the company" or being oblivious to Susan Sarandon's desperate
search for a cure for her son. We read about them in the
newspapers faking and stealing data, and we see them in front
of congressional committees defending billion-dollar research
budgets. We hear them in sound bites trampling our sensibilities
by comparing the Big Bang or some subatomic particle to God.
</p>
<p> Last summer a journalist named Bryan Appleyard rode this
discontent to the top of England's best-seller lists with a
neoconservative polemic called Understanding the Present,
subtitled Science and the Soul of Modern Man. In Britain, the
book inspired headlines such as FOR GOD'S SAKE FIRE THE BIG BANG
BRIGADE. Its publication in the U.S. has begun to strike sparks.
Science, maintains Appleyard, devalues questions it can't
answer, such as the meaning of life or the existence of God. Its
relentless advance has driven the magic out of the world,
leaving us with nothing to believe in. With no standards,
liberal democracies descend into moral anarchy and cultural
relativism. Once Galileo looked through that telescope, it
seems, the Los Angeles riots were only a matter of time.
Science, he concludes ominously, must be "humbled."
</p>
<p> Appleyard would lay the woes of the 20th century at
Stephen Hawking's wheelchair. Commenting on Hawking's
oft-expressed hope that physicists may soon construct a theory
that would unite all the forces of nature into one mathematical
equation suitable for a T shirt, a so-called theory of
everything, he declaims alarmingly that it could be used to
predict that "a particular snowflake would fall on a particular
blade of grass or that you would be reading this now." Never
mind that such deterministic ambitions died long ago with the
discovery of quantum uncertainty. Faced with that prospect, who
would not reach for the candles and tarot cards?
</p>
<p> Scientists are partly to blame for this mess. They have
silently acquiesced in the proposition that if we just keep
writing checks and leaving them alone, science could solve the
problems of the world. They have promoted the presentation of
themselves as antiseptic drones, whose work is uncorrupted by
influences like sex, greed or ambition, which muddy life for the
rest of us. But science is done by real people who do not check
their humanity at the lab door. Lamentably but humanly, they do
shoot their mouths off too much about God and the egregiously
misnamed theory of everything. The Young Turks of every
generation for the past hundred years have proclaimed the
imminent end of physics, but every advance has only opened new
vistas of mysteries. There is no reason to think we even know
the right questions yet, let alone ultimate answers. The
currency of science is not truth, but doubt.
</p>
<p> And, paradoxically, faith. Science is nothing if not a
spiritual undertaking. The idea that nature forms some sort of
coherent whole, a universe, ruled by laws accessible to us, is
a faith. The creation and end of the universe are theological
notions, not astronomical ones.
</p>
<p> We can only wonder whether some law of laws will stand
revealed some day at the end of the grudging trial-and-error
process of science. The theory of everything, even if it
existed, however, could not pretend to tell us what we most want
to know. It could not tell us why the universe exists--why
there is something rather than nothing at all. And it could not
tell us if our lives have meaning, if God loves us.
</p>
<p> Written on a piece of paper or on a T shirt, the theory of
everything would just lie there waiting for something else to
breathe fire into it. The question of whether the universe is
steady state or Big Bang, or whether it has 10 dimensions or
four, is just decorative trim around the grand mystery of why
anything or any law exists. But by reminding us of our deep
cosmic ignorance, science, far from dulling the mystery of
existence, sharpens it the way garlic wafting on the evening
breeze whets your appetite. It reminds us that we dwell in a
mystery that is ultimately more to be savored than solved.
</p>
<p> On God's love science is also silent, and that silence is
the wind of liberation. Physicists can neither prove nor
disprove that Jesus turned water into wine, only that such a
transformation is improbable under the present admittedly
provisional physical laws. Quantum theory and tensor equations
are part of nature as much as trees and rains and sex. We are,
all of us, including Appleyard, free to make what we want of it.
We are free to wake up every morning grateful for the feeling
of sunshine on our face or grumpy for the prospect of tomorrow's
rain. The fact that science cannot find any purpose to the
universe does not mean there is not one. We are free to
construct parables for our moral edification out of the law of
the jungle, or out of the evolution and interdependence of
species. But the parables we choose will only reflect the values
we have already decided to enshrine.
</p>
<p> If this be alienation, make the most of it. We could have
used a little more in, say, Nazi Germany. If history teaches us
anything, it is to beware people who know the truth. Appleyard
and his neoconservative friends moan about the demise of moral
and cultural authority and bash liberal democracy because it
fails to choose. But the failure to choose is itself a choice.
What it chooses is that people are, or can be, grown ups. That
too is a value, the notion that we all individually or
collectively may be the salvation of one another. Cosmic
ignorance does not diminish us, it ennobles us.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>